Anahtar Kelimeler
hematopoietik kök hücre nakli
nörobilişsel etkiler
erken müdahale
Nasıl Atıf Yapılır
Öz
Hematopoietik kök hücre transplantasyonu (HKHT), pediatrik malignitelerin ve çeşitli malign olmayan hematolojik veya genetik bozuklukların tedavisinde hayat kurtarıcı bir müdahaledir. Ancak bu yoğun tedavi süreci, fiziksel etkilerinin ötesinde uzun vadeli psikiyatrik ve nörokognitif komplikasyonlara yol açabilmektedir. Giderek artan kanıtlar, HKHT uygulanan çocukların anksiyete, depresyon, dikkat sorunları ve yürütücü işlev bozuklukları açısından risk altında olduğunu ve bu sorunların tedaviden yıllar sonra dahi sürebildiğini göstermektedir. Bu derleme, çocukluk çağında HKHT sonrası ortaya çıkan psikiyatrik ve nörokognitif sonuçları ele almakta ve bu etkileri azaltmaya yönelik erken müdahale yaklaşımlarını incelemektedir. Aynı zamanda ebeveynler ve bakım verenler üzerindeki psikolojik yükü de tartışarak, sağkalım protokollerinde rutin psikososyal tarama ve entegre ruh sağlığı bakımının gerekliliğini vurgulamaktadır. Uzun vadeli sonuçların iyileştirilmesi için çocuk psikiyatrisini de kapsayan multidisipliner bir yaklaşım büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bunun yanı sıra, transplantasyon sürecinin erken döneminde güvenilir biyobelirteçlerin ve nörogelişimsel risk faktörlerinin belirlenmesi, daha kişiselleştirilmiş ve zamanında psikiyatrik müdahalelerin uygulanmasını mümkün kılabilir. Son olarak, ruh sağlığı desteğinin yardımcı bir hizmet olarak değil, HKHT bakım süreçlerinin temel bir bileşeni olarak konumlandırılması; pediatrik sağkalımcıların bütüncül iyilik hali ve yaşam kalitesinin artırılması yolunda kritik bir adımı temsil etmektedir.
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